We see through scripture the person of Jesus who God is and his heart.
Matthew 21:12-14 (ESV) "And Jesus entered the temple and drove out all who sold and bought in the temple, and he overturned the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those who sold pigeons. He said to them, 'It is written, 'My house shall be called a house of prayer,' but you make it a den of robbers.' And the blind and the lame came to him in the temple, and he healed them."
Why is Jesus so upset?
Jesus got upset sometimes and he was always right to! He drove out both those who sold and bought. Why was he mad at those that bought? Originally the Israelites were supposed to take an animal to sacrifice from their own flock. If they didn't have a flock to choose from, then they could purchase an animal to sacrifice. During the Passover they were supposed to choose a spotless lamb and bring it into their home for 4 days before the sacrificed the animal at the temple.
Deuteronomy 12:5-7 (ESV) "But you shall seek the place that the LORD your God will choose out of all your tribes to put his name and make his habitation there. There you shall go, and there you shall bring your burnt offerings and your sacrifices, your tithes and the contribution that you present, your vow offerings, your freewill offerings, and the firstborn of your herd and of your flock. And there you shall eat before the LORD your God, and you shall rejoice, you and your households, in all that you undertake, in which the LORD your God has blessed you."
Sacrifice is a heart check
Isaiah 1:4 & 13-14 (ESV) "Ah, sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, offspring of evildoers, children who deal corruptly! They have forsaken the LORD, they have despised the Holy One of Israel, they are utterly estranged." "Bring no more vain offerings; incense is an abomination to me. New moon and Sabbath and the calling of convocations-I cannot endure iniquity and solemn assembly. Your new moons and your appointed feasts my soul hates; they have become a burden to me; I am weary of bearing them."
There have always been "once a year believers" People weren't living a righteous life. They came once a year made atonement/sacrifice and believed they were "covered" for another year. What about us? Are we "once a year believers"? You cannot cover a multitude of sins by throwing a few more dollars in the plate or a yearly sacrifice. The condition of your heart matters.
Romans 12:1 (ESV) "I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship."
The people selling (robbers/bandits/armed thief forcibly taking money)
God hates dishonest gain
Proverbs 11:1 (ESV) "A false balance is an abomination to the LORD, but a just weight is his delight."
Those selling in the temple would cheat the pilgrims by exchanging their money for an unfair exchange rate so they could pay their temple tax and purchase animals for sacrifice. They would also charge more for the animals than necessary.
God REALLY hates people taking advantage of those seeking him
In Matthew 23 Jesus quotes form Jeremiah 7
Matthew 23:13 & 15 (ESV) "But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people's faces. For you neither enter yourselves nor allow those who would enter to go in. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you travel across sea and land to make a single proselyte, and when he becomes a proselyte, you make him twice as much a child of hell as yourselves."
The people were promised blessings for giving more. Use me to draw people to God.
James 3:1 (ESV) "Not many of you should become teachers, my brothers, for you know that we who teach will be judged with greater strictness."
We pray for our teachers, that they never be hot and cold. We as teachers need to draw people to Jesus, not push them away.
Location, Location, Location
Jesus was upset with "where" the people were set up to sell the sacrifices and exchange money. They were set up in the "Court of Gentiles". This was the place where "non-Jews" could come to seek God and worship him. It was a sacred place and it became a stockyard and filled with "used car salesmen" It should been a place of prayer. The people coming and going in this location were watching and waiting for Messiah. The Jewish leadership, Pharisees etc. were supposed to be a light, but they failed and were hated.
Be a light to the world
We are supposed to be a light.
Psalm 67:1-3 (ESV) "May God be gracious to us and bless us and make his face to shine upon us, that your way may be known on earth, your saving power among all nations. Let the peoples praise you, O God; let all the peoples praise you!"
In the book of Mark we see that Jesus quotes Isaiah 56:7 (ESV) "these I will bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer; their burnt offerings and their sacrifices will be accepted on my alter; for my house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples."
The Jewish leadership was allowing the temple to be profaned and hindered people from drawing near to God.
Matthew 21:15 (ESV) "But when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children crying out in the temple, 'Hosanna to the Son of David!' they were indignant, "
Hosanna means "save/deliver us". The children were crying out "save us" Jesus. The people knew he was Messiah. They called him "Son of David."
1 Kings 9:5 (ESV) "then I will establish your royal throne over Israel forever, as I promised David your father, saying, 'You shall not lack a man on the throne of Israel.'
The Scribes, Pharisees and Chief Priests knew that the people were close to "worshipping Jesus" and they did not like this.
Matthew 21:16 (ESV) "and they said to him, 'Do you hear what these are saying' and Jesus said to them, 'Yes have you never read, 'Out of the mouth of infants and nursing babies you have prepared praises?'"
Psalm 8:1-2 (ESV) "O LORD, our Lord, how majestic is your name in all the earth! You have set your glory above the heavens. Out of the mouth of babies and infants, you have established strength because of your foes, to still the enemy and the avenger."
YHWH is being praised in vs. 1.
Matthew 21:17-19 (ESV) "And leaving them, he went out of the city to Bethany and lodged there. In the morning, as he was returning to the city, he became hungry. And seeing a fig tree by the wayside, he went to it again!' And the fig tree withered at once."
Jesus was giving an object lesson. He is illustrating through the fig tree what was happening in Jerusalem. He was probably drawing from Jeremiah 8:13 (ESV) "When I would gather them, declares the LORD, there are no grapes on the vine, nor figs on the fig tree; even the leaves are withered, and what I gave them has passed away from them." In this scripture Judah is the fig tree. It was about March when this took place. The tree should have had small edible green buds (sweet tasting), in April large green leaves would grow and then also figs. Jesus expected to find something to eat, but there was no fruit. It had all the appearances of bearing fruit, but it was not. This is just like the temple, it was ornate, beautiful. It had the appearance of grandeur and holiness, but it was not bearing fruit. What was happening on the inside was not pleasing to God.
Are you bearing fruit.
John 15:5-6 (ESV) "I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing. If anyone does not abide in me he is thrown away like a branch and withers; and the branches are gathered, thrown into the fire, and burned."
vs 6 the branches that don't wither, gathered and thrown into the fire.
We should be growing in our faith and producing fruit.
There were 2 cleansing of the temple. The first one was at the beginning of his ministry and this one at the end. Some believe that by "cleansing the temple" Jesus was doing his "priestly duties" found in Leviticus 14.
We need to examine our own hearts we can be found just like these. Where are you wanting? Are you withering? Repent! Where am I hurting the cause? Lord let me be a light! Let me always offer the right sacrifice. I want to be someone who leads others to God, not push them away.
Closing Scripture:
Psalm 139:23-24 (ESV) "Search me, O God, and know my heart! Try me and know my thoughts! And see if there be any grievous way in me, and lead me in the way everlasting!"